ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

释放双眼,带上耳机,听听看~!

写在前面

是这样的,我们现在接口使用了Ocelot做网关,Ocelot里面集成了基于IdentityServer4的开发的授权中心用于对Api资源的保护。问题来了,我们的Api用了SwaggerUI做接口的自文档,那就蛋疼了,你接入了IdentityServer4的Api,用SwaggerUI调试、调用接口的话,妥妥的401,未授权啊。那有小伙伴就会说了,你SwaggerUI的Api不经过网关不就ok了?诶,好办法。但是:

  1. 我不想改变Url规则啊,我是/api开头的Url都是经过网关的,如果不经过网关要加端口或者改变Url规则,会给其他部门的同事带来麻烦(多个Url规则容易混淆);
  2. 另外是,因为生产环境是接入了IdentityServer4,我想测试环境从一开始就需要调用方熟悉的接入,避免平时用没有经过授权中心的Url调试,一到生产就出问题。

ok,废话讲得有点多,我们就直奔主题。

下面我们需要创建两个示例项目:

1、IdentityServer4的授权中心;

2、使用SwaggerUI做自文档的WebApi项目;

本文源码地址:https://github.com/gebiWangshushu/cnblogs-demos/tree/master/SwggerUI.IdentityServer4.Example

构建基于IdentityServer4授权中心

1、新建空白解决方案,并添加一个空的WebApi项目,IdentityServer

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

2、引用包。

Install-Package IdentityServer4

3、添加配置类:Config.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace IdentityServer
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public IHostingEnvironment Environment { get; }

        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment environment)
        {
            Environment = environment;
        }
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
            var builder = services.AddIdentityServer()
                    .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
                    .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApis())
                    .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())
                    .AddTestUsers(Config.GetUsers());

            if (Environment.IsDevelopment())
            {
                builder.AddDeveloperSigningCredential();
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception(\"need to configure key material\");
            }
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
        }
    }
}

4、修改Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace IdentityServer
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public IHostingEnvironment Environment { get; }

        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment environment)
        {
            Environment = environment;
        }
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
            var builder = services.AddIdentityServer()
                    .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
                    .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApis())
                    .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())
                    .AddTestUsers(Config.GetUsers());

            if (Environment.IsDevelopment())
            {
                builder.AddDeveloperSigningCredential();
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception(\"need to configure key material\");
            }
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
        }
    }
}

ok,跑起来了

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

使用SwaggerUI做自文档的WebApi项目

1、添加WebApi项目,SwaggerUIApi

现在项目结构这样:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

2、先添加SwaggerUI,先不接入IdentityServer

修改Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;

namespace SwggerUIApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc(\"v1\", new Info
                {
                    Version = \"v1\",
                    Title = \"ToDo API\",
                    Description = \"A simple example ASP.NET Core Web API\",
                    TermsOfService = \"None\",
                    Contact = new Contact
                    {
                        Name = \"Shayne Boyer\",
                        Email = string.Empty,
                        Url = \"https://twitter.com/spboyer\"
                    },
                    License = new License
                    {
                        Name = \"Use under LICX\",
                        Url = \"https://example.com/license\"
                    }
                });
                var xmlFile = $\"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml\";
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
            });
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseSwagger();

            // Enable middleware to serve swagger-ui (HTML, JS, CSS, etc.), 
            // specifying the Swagger JSON endpoint.
            app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerEndpoint(\"/swagger/v1/swagger.json\", \"My API V1\");
            });
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

得到这样的SwaggerUI:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

我们调用一下接口:

杠杠的200:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

3、接口项目我们接入IdentityServer4

修改:Startup.cs ,ConfigureServices方法,

  .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
           {
              options.Authority = \"http://localhost:5000\"; // IdentityServer服务器地址
              options.ApiName = \"swagger_api\"; // 用于针对进行身份验证的API资源的名称
              options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false; // 指定是否为HTTPS
          });

修改:Startup.cs ,Configure方法

app.UseAuthentication();

Ok,可以看到我们接入进去了,401,未授权了;

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

3、接入IdentityServer

1、添加授权响应操作的过滤器,AuthResponsesOperationFilter.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace SwggerUIApi
{
    public class AuthResponsesOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
    {
        public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
        {
            //获取是否添加登录特性
            var authAttributes = context.MethodInfo.DeclaringType.GetCustomAttributes(true)
             .Union(context.MethodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true))
             .OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();

            if (authAttributes)
            {
                operation.Responses.Add(\"401\", new Response { Description = \"暂无访问权限\" });
                operation.Responses.Add(\"403\", new Response { Description = \"禁止访问\" });
                operation.Security = new List<IDictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>>
                {
                    new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>> {{\"oauth2\", new[] { \"swagger_api\" } }}
                };
            }
        }
    }
}

2、修改Startup.cs ,ConfigureServices方法的,services.AddSwaggerGen()

配置成这样:

     services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc(\"v1\", new Info
                {
                    Version = \"v1\",
                    Title = \"ToDo API\",
                    Description = \"A simple example ASP.NET Core Web API\",
                    TermsOfService = \"None\",
                    Contact = new Contact
                    {
                        Name = \"Shayne Boyer\",
                        Email = string.Empty,
                        Url = \"https://twitter.com/spboyer\"
                    },
                    License = new License
                    {
                        Name = \"Use under LICX\",
                        Url = \"https://example.com/license\"
                    }
                });
                var xmlFile = $\"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml\";
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);

                //接入identityserver
                c.AddSecurityDefinition(\"oauth2\", new OAuth2Scheme
                {
                    Flow = \"implicit\", // 只需通过浏览器获取令牌(适用于swagger)
                    AuthorizationUrl = \"http://localhost:5000/connect/authorize\",//获取登录授权接口
                    Scopes = new Dictionary<string, string> {
                        { \"swagger_api_scopde\", \"swagger_api access\" }//指定客户端请求的api作用域。 如果为空,则客户端无法访问
                    }
                });
                c.OperationFilter<AuthResponsesOperationFilter>();
            });

3、我们还需给授权中心添加一个登陆界面

去: https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4/tree/master/samples/Quickstarts/3_ImplicitFlowAuthentication/src/IdentityServer

下载这个两个文件夹,丢到IdentityServer项目下面:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

项目结构:ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

4、我们运行看看

先启动Identityserver项目

运行SwaggerUI可以看到,这两个地方了个小锁头,表示已启用安全保护:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

我们点一下上面的按钮:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

哇,我们跳到了这里:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

输入:alice/alice,点登录:

哇哇:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

当然是Yes啦,然后这边变成这样了:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

这是已获得授权状态,我们再次调用看看:

ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

这里我们看到已经调用成功,仔细看请求,与前面简短的请求不同的是,现在请求里面带了access_token了,

这才是我们折腾这么久得来的宝贝。

总结

写得有点匆忙,希望大家能看得懂[捂脸];

源码地址:https://github.com/gebiWangshushu/cnblogs-demos/tree/master/SwggerUI.IdentityServer4.Example

参考

https://github.com/domaindrivendev/Swashbuckle.AspNetCore

https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4

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今天,我想写一篇《谈失败》...

2020-11-9 4:49:19

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